The lichens of Tetlin National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) and adjacent lands were collected and recorded at sites selected to represent the range of environmental variation. One hundred ninety-two taxa of lichens are reported from an area where few previous collections have been recorded. Six species are new to Alaska—Aspicilia arctica, Caloplaca arenaria, C. xanthostigmoidea, Endocarpon pusillum, Ramalina intermedia and Rhizocarpon cinereovirens. To provide a comparative phytogeographic framework for Tetlin NWR, we analyzed data from published reports and categorized lichen distribution patterns from a circumpolar perspective. Wide-ranging arctic-alpine and boreal species dominate the lichen flora, while amphi-Beringian species form a minor element.